Hispanic heterogeneity and environmental injustice: Intra-ethnic patterns of exposure to cancer risks from traffic-related air pollution in Miami.

To explore intra-ethnic diversity in patterns of environmental health injustice inMiami (Florida), we relatedmodeled estimates of cancer risks from on-road pollutants from the 2005 National-scale Air Toxics Assessment with 2005–2009 American Community Survey tract-level sociodemographic data. Neighborhoods with lower incomes and higher proportions of Hispanics were at risk.When disaggregating ‘‘Hispanic’’ based on country of origin, we found that Cuban and Colombian neighborhoods faced significantly increased cancer risk from vehicular air pollution while Mexican neighborhoods faced significantly decreased risk. These divergent patterns of environmental injustice based on Hispanic country-of-origin groupings have been shaped by the differing migration and settlement patterns ofHispanic subgroups inMiami.Our findings highlight the growing need to consider racial/ethnic heterogeneity in future EJ analysis and policy.